python 中Arduino串口传输数据到电脑并保存至excel表格

脚本专栏 2025/11/7 佚名

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起因：学校运河杯报了个项目，制作一个天气预测的装置。我用arduino跑了BME280模块，用蓝牙模块实现两块arduino主从机透传。但是为了分析，还需要提取出数据。因此我用python写了个上位机程序，用pyserial模块实现arduiho和电脑的串口通讯，再用xlwt模块写入excel表格，用time模块获取时间作为excel的文件名。

import xlwt
import time
import serial
#设置表格样式
def set_style(name,height,bold=False):
 style = xlwt.XFStyle()
 font = xlwt.Font()
 font.name = name
 font.bold = bold
 font.color_index = 4
 font.height = height
 style.font = font
 return style
#写Excel
def write_excel():
 if serial.isOpen():
  print ('串口已打开\n')
 f = xlwt.Workbook()
 sheet1 = f.add_sheet('arduino_data',cell_overwrite_ok=True)
 row0 = ["temp","pres","hum"]
 time1=time.localtime(time.time())
 #写第一行
 for i in range(len(row0)):
  sheet1.write(0,i,row0[i],set_style('Times New Roman',220,True))
 i=1
 time.sleep(5)
 serial.flushInput() 
 while True:
  try:
   size = serial.inWaiting()
   if size != 0:
    response = serial.read(size)  # 读取内容并显示
    s=response.decode('utf-8').rstrip('\r\n').split('\t')
    if len(s)!=3:
     serial.flushInput()
     continue
    else:
     try:
      for j in range(len(s)):
       sheet1.write(i,j,int(s[j]),set_style('Times New Roman',220,False))
      print(s)
      serial.flushInput()     # 清空接收缓存区
      i = i+1
      time.sleep(0.5)
     except ValueError:
      serial.flushInput()
      continue
  except KeyboardInterrupt:
   time2=time.localtime(time.time())
   f.save(r'C:\Users\10020\Desktop\arduino_data\{0}.{1}_{2:0>2d}.{3:0>2d}.{4:0>2d}-{5}.{6}_{7:0>2d}.{8:0>2d}.{9:0>2d}.xls'.format     (time1[1],time1[2],time1[3],time1[4],time1[5],
     time2[1],time2[2],time2[3],time2[4],time2[5]))
   serial.close()
   print(time1)
   print(time2)
   quit()
if __name__ == '__main__':
 serial = serial.Serial('COM3',9600,timeout=2)
 write_excel()

运行代码后会一直从串口读取arduino的数据，然后写入excel。按Ctrl+c来中止代码进程，此时会在C:\Users\10020\Desktop\arduino_data\这个文件夹下生成以“开始运行时间-结束运行时间”为名称的xls文件。

代码的运行效果：